The integration of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with targeted agents has emerged as a promising
strategy in modern oncology, offering the potential for enhanced tumor control through synergistic
biological mechanisms. SBRT achieves high local doses with sub-millimeter precision, while
targeted therapies act on molecular pathways critical for tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune
evasion. When used concurrently, these modalities may reinforce each other"s effects, but this
synergy is not limited to tumor cells. Normal tissues within or adjacent to the radiation field may also
experience heightened sensitivity, leading to an increased risk of adverse events. Reported toxicities
include potentiation of vascular injury, exacerbation of mucosal inflammation, and augmentation of
immune-related adverse effects, depending on the specific class of agent administered. Consequently,
while the combination of SBRT and targeted therapies holds substantial therapeutic promise, its implementation
requires judicious patient selection, careful sequencing, and vigilant toxicity monitoring
to maximize efficacy while minimizing harm.
Keywords: Adverse events; immunotherapy; radiotherapy; SBRT; targeted therapies
